Search results for "haitalliset aineet"
showing 10 items of 10 documents
Determination of mercury at picogram level in natural waters with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry by using 3D printed metal scavengers
2019
The determination of ultra-trace concentrations of Hg in natural water samples via preconcentration using 3D printed metal scavenger technique followed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was developed. The determination of Hg in certified reference material ERM-CA615 (groundwater) was performed with high accuracy and precision resulting in recovery of 100 ± 3% and RSD <2.5%, respectively. Selective laser sintering (SLS) 3D printing was used to fabricate the scavengers using a mixture of polyamide-12 powder with thiol-functionalized silica. The preconcentration procedure is based on the adsorption of Hg on the scavenger and followed by elution of the preconcentrated Hg …
Reliable fluorescence technique to detect the antibiotic colistin, a possible environmental threat due to its overuse.
2022
AbstractColistin, considered a drug of last resort as it is effective towards multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections. Oral administration of colistin in the poultry industry is a common practice, not only to prevent and reduce bacterial infections, but also as a rapid-growth promoter. Long-term exposure to any antibiotic will eventually lead to the development of bacterial resistance towards all antibiotics through various mechanisms in the physiological system and environment. Chicken is the most consumed source of animal protein for humans throughout the world. In addition, the manure of poultry, containing traces of the used antibiotics, is being used in farming. Exposure…
Salmo trutta is more sensitive than Oncorhynchus mykiss to early-life stage exposure to retene
2021
Salmonids are known to be among the most sensitive fish to dioxin-like compounds (DLCs), but very little is known about the sensitivity of the brown trout (Salmo trutta), which has declined and is endangered in several countries of Europe and Western Asia. We investigated the sensitivity of brown trout larvae to a widespread dioxin-like PAH, retene (3.2 to 320 μg.L−1), compared to the larvae of a salmonid commonly used in toxicology studies, the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Mortality, growth, cyp1a induction and the occurrence of deformities were measured after 15 days of exposure. Brown trout larvae showed a significantly higher mortality at 320 μg.L−1 compared to rainbow trout lar…
Effects of waste treatment technique and quality of waste on bioaerosols in Finnish waste treatment plants
2004
Outi Tolvanen selvitti tutkimuksessaan mikrobi-, endotoksiini- ja pölypitoisuuksia suomalaisilla jätteenkäsittelylaitoksilla. Tolvanen tutki, onko jätteiden tehostunut syntypistelajittelu ja jätteiden käsittely suljetuissa laitoksissa vähentänyt bioaerosolien ja pölyn aiheuttamia työhygieenisiä ongelmia. Kohonneiden mikrobipitoisuuksien on aikaisemmissa tutkimuksissa havaittu aiheuttavan jätteitä työssään käsitteleville henkilöille erilaisia oireita, kuten pahoinvointia, päänsärkyä, kuumeilua sekä allergiaa ja astmaa. The last fifteen years have seen immense changes in waste treatment in Finland. The number of landfill sites has been reduced and new waste treatment plants have been construc…
Bisphenol A removal from water by biomass-based carbon : Isotherms, kinetics and thermodynamics studies
2020
Biomass-based carbon was modified and used as an efficient bisphenol A (BPA) sorbent. The simple and environmentally friendly modification method produced sorbent with a capacity of 41.5 mg/g. The raw material was modified with FeCl3 (Fe-CR), treated with hydrochloric acid (H-CR) or modified with CaCl2 (Ca-CR). Batch sorption experiments were performed to evaluate the effects of the initial pH, sorbent dosage, temperature, and contact time on BPA removal. BPA removal with modified carbons was notably higher than that with unmodified carbon. All sorbent materials exhibited very high sorption capacities and compared favourably to materials reported in the literature. Several isotherms were ap…
RAVITA Technology : new innovation for combined phosphorus and nitrogen recovery
2018
Abstract Present phosphorus (P) recovery technologies mainly contain P recovery from sludge liquor or ash. These types of technologies are suitable for large wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) with enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR), digestion and/or incineration. In Finland and other Nordic countries, strict P discharge limits require chemical precipitation, thus EBPR alone is not sufficient. Ammonium recovery from wastewater, on the other hand, is not so often discussed. However, recovery from WWTP reject waters would decrease the energy demand of ammonium synthesis by Haber-Bosh technology and the energy demand of the WWTP's biological process. Helsinki Region Environmental S…
Does Arsenic Contamination Affect DNA Methylation Patterns in a Wild Bird Population? : An Experimental Approach
2021
Pollutants, such as toxic metals, negatively influence organismal health and performance, even leading to population collapses. Studies in model organisms have shown that epigenetic marks, such as DNA methylation, can be modulated by various environmental factors, including pollutants, influencing gene expression, and various organismal traits. Yet experimental data on the effects of pollution on DNA methylation from wild animal populations are largely lacking. We here experimentally investigated for the first time the effects of early-life exposure to environmentally relevant levels of a key pollutant, arsenic (As), on genome-wide DNA methylation in a wild bird population. We experimentall…
New applications of zoobenthos measurements for risk assessment of chemicals in aquatic ecosystems
2015
Artikkeliväitöskirja. Yhteenveto-osa ja viisi artikkelia. (Artikkelit eivät avoimesti saatavilla.) Article dissertation. An introduction and five articles (not available in this version). Benthic animals in aquatic ecosystems suffer from various anthropogenic pollutants. A challenge in risk assessment of chemicals in aquatic ecosystems (i.e. ecological risk assessment) has been to balance cost-efficiency and effectiveness in detecting early warning signals of chemicals. In this study, hyperspectral imaging and behavioural measurements were evaluated as novel applications for detecting chemical effects on benthic animals, and the reliability of the incidence of chironomid morphological defor…
Earthworm responses to metal contamination : tools for soil quality assessment
2004
Tuomas Lukkari tutki väitöstyössään kuinka haitta-aineet, esimerkkinä metallit, vaikuttavat ympäristöömme ja sen eliöihin. Lukkari selvitti lieroista mitattavien muuttujien avulla, kuinka haitallisia metallit ovat ja miten haitallisuutta olisi hyvä arvioida. Lierot ovat monien maaekosysteemien avaineliöryhmiä ja altistuvat maahan päätyville haitallisille aineille sekä ravinnon että suoraan ihokontaktin kautta. Useimpien haitta-aineiden pitoisuudet ovat mitattavissa lierojen kehosta, mikä antaa tietoa todellisesta altistuksesta ja aineiden kertymistaipumuksesta. Responses of earthworms to soil metal contamination were studied in field and laboratory experiments. In the field, earthworm commu…